Finance & trading

How do you calculate profit and loss on a trade?

P&L and percentage change of a long or short trade.

Quick answer

Long P/L = (exit price − entry price) × quantity. Buy 10 units at €100, sell at €112: (112 − 100) × 10 = €120 profit (+12%). Short P/L reverses the price difference: (entry − exit) × quantity.

Profit / loss

20.00

Change
12 %

How it works

This is gross P/L before commissions, spreads, slippage and taxes. A €120 gain on €1,000 deployed is 12% return on capital at risk — not the same as 12% annualised unless the trade lasted one year.

Frequently asked questions

Long vs short — when to use each?+

Long profits when price rises — standard investing. Short profits when price falls — common in futures, CFDs and some stocks. Shorts have unlimited theoretical loss if price keeps rising.

Should I include fees in P/L?+

Yes for real results. A €120 gross profit minus €20 round-trip fees is €100 net — 10% not 12%. Always subtract broker commission and spread on entry and exit.

P/L in points vs money?+

Futures and forex often quote P/L in points or pips; multiply by contract size or lot size for currency. This calculator works in price units × quantity — enter your actual fill prices.

Average entry with multiple buys?+

Weighted average entry = total cost ÷ total units. Bought 5 at €100 and 5 at €105: average €102.50. Use that as entry price for P/L when you sell the full position.

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